七号堡垒
Fort VII concentration camp
波兹南 · 波兰
七号堡垒原是普鲁士当局为保卫波兹南修建的环城防御工事，1876–1880年建成，并于1887–1888年改进。1939年9月德国入侵波兰后，这座堡垒被选为被占领波兰的第一个集中营，约在1939年10月开始运作。最初关押者多来自大波兰地区，其中有知识界人士、社会和政治活动者、波兰爱国者，以及大波兰起义和西里西亚起义的老兵。原文记载：“It was built in 1876–1880 (with improvements in 1887–1888).”
这里的身份不断改变：1939年11月，它成为盖世太保监狱和过渡营；1941年又改为警察监狱与劳动教养营。囚犯身处阴暗、潮湿、寒冷而拥挤的牢房，有时200–300人挤在20×5米的牢房中；女囚牢房甚至会积水至膝高。1943年起营地逐步清理，最后一批囚犯于1944年4月25日转移。战后这里曾作仓库，1979年8月13日作为纪念受害者的博物馆开放。原文记载：“The museum opened on 13 August 1979.”
Fort VII was originally one of the defensive forts built around Poznań by the Prussian authorities. It was constructed in 1876–1880 and improved in 1887–1888. After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939, it was selected as the site of the first concentration camp in occupied Poland, beginning to function around October 1939. Most prisoners were Poles from the Wielkopolska region, including members of the intelligentsia, people active in social and political life, Polish patriots, and veterans of the Wielkopolska and Silesian Uprisings. As the source states, “It was built in 1876–1880 (with improvements in 1887–1888).”
The camp changed its official role more than once. In mid-November 1939 it became a Gestapo prison and transit camp; following Himmler’s decree of 28 May 1941, it became a police prison and corrective labour camp. Prisoners endured cramped, dark, damp and cold conditions: sometimes 200–300 people occupied a cell measuring 20 by 5 metres, while the women’s cells could flood to knee height. The gradual liquidation began in March 1943, and the last prisoners were transferred on 25 April 1944. After the war the building served as a storage facility before the museum opened on 13 August 1979. As the source states, “The museum opened on 13 August 1979.”
全球博物馆数据库
